Burner



March 14, 1933.

A. w. RICHARDSON BURNER Filed Aug. 1,. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l March 14,1933. A w RICHARDSQN 1,0@,998-

BURNER Filed Aug. 1, 1928 2 Sheets Sheet 2 "pm 0 6 l v A s, a

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Patented Ma. 14, 1933 UNITED STATES PA NT- "OFFICE ARTHUR WHITIAKERnrcimnnsoiv, or SHELL HAVEN, THAT/Ins HAVEN, NGLAND,

nssrcnon T0.SHELL-MEX, LIMITED, or LONDON, ENGLAND, A conrnny' or GREATBRITAIN p Brianna Application filed August 1, 1928, Serial No. 296,762,and in Great Britain August 2, 1927.

In heating lamps commonly in use and having a w-ick or equivalent deviceto which oil fuel is supplied, the surface of the wick becomes incrustedwith comparatively hard carbon to such an extent as to clog the wick.and impair the efficiency of the lamp and prevent proper combustion;

The main object of the present invention is to provide alamp whichwillburn for long periods without attention, and in which the wick orequivalent device, shall not become incrusted with carbon. 1

According to a further feature of the invention, a burner for anilluminating lamp comprises in combination an annular wick,

two concentric tubes, the inner of which forms an air supply passage,and the outer of which is formed of a poor conductor of heat, such asglass, and projects above the wick. Preferably the outer tube isoutwardly flared at its upper end. Preferably also the inner tube isformed of heat conducting material, such as steel.

In the accompanying drawings which'illustrate the invention, Figure 1 isa sectional elevation, Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of amodification and Figure 3 a sectional elevation of a'furthermodification.

Referring more particularly to Figure 1,

1 is the body of a lamp having a central tube or liner 2, the spacebetweenthe body 1 and the liner 2 forming an annular chamher 3 forliquid hydrocarbon which is supplied thereto through a tube 4communicating with any suitable form of reservoir 5. 6 is an inner tubewhich can slide freely in the liner 2 and is provided at its lower endwith a sleeve nut 7 which screws into the bottom of'the body 1. Thebottom end of the tube 6 is closed by a cup-shaped sleeve 8 having holes9 adapted to move into and out of register with similar holes formed inthe inner tube 6. The necessary relative movement between the sleeve 8and tube 6 is permitted by a pin 10, secured on the tube 6 which movesin aslot 11 formed in the sleeve 8. 12 is an outer tube formed of glass,

carried by a sleeve nut 13 which screws into the body 1. Located betweenthe outer tube 12 and the liner 2 is a wick-14 which'can be raised orlowered by a handle 15having the usual toothed wheel or the like 15 inengagement therewith. 16 shows a flue leading to a refrigeratingapparatus (not H shown). '17 is a sleeve which fits into the lower endof the flue 16 and is provided with a flared lower end. The body 1 isprovided with a bracket 18 by which the lamp can be secured in position;It will be seen that in the lamp shown in Figure 1, the followingadju'stments'ca'n be made v The amount ofair admitted to the innerpartofthe top of the wicklet can befregulated by opening or closing theholes 9,

while the height of the tube 6 can head justed by rotating the sleevenut 7. 1 The gap between the lower end of the sleeve 17 and the top ofthe tube 12'can be regulated by rotation of. the sleeve nut 13,therebyad- 'justing the amount of air admittedjto the outer side of the top ofthe wick 1a, while the handle '15 enables the wick M to be raised orlowered. a 1 p r, In operation, inorder to light the lamp, the Wickisturned up and the fuel oil on the upper surface of the wick is ignited.As the upper inner periphery of the sleeve becomes heated, the wick isturned down and a heated zone is created on the upper inner periphery ofthe outer tube. The central air current passing up the inner tube (Sendthe outer air current passing between the upper end of the outer tube12, and the flared end of the sleeve 17 andconverging across the wick,""form with the vaporized fuel a combustible mixture a short distance awayfrom the wick, so that the wick is not charred by the flame. p 7

The control of the supply of air to the outer sideof the wick may, ifdesired, be effected by providing a chimney coaxial with the tubes andhaving a sleeve formed with holes adapted to be moved more or less-intoregister with holes formed in the wall of the chimney. l

A heating lamp having the dimensions given below, has been foundsuitable for use with a flue 25 mm. in diameter, employed for J betweenthe central tube and the outer tube, the top of the wick being from, 1to 3 mm.

below the top of the outer tube A suitable size for the central tube is13 mm. diameter and may bemade, smaller, but should not, as a rule, beless than 8 mm. in diameter. The

outer tubeis made of a materialwhichis a poor conductor of heat, such asglass or porcelain, and may conveniently be,.say, 1 mm. thick. I a

It may be pointed out that if the parts be dimensioned within the limitsenumerated above, they are suitable for most grades of oil commonly usedfor illuminating lamps. In cases where a supply of oil of a definitestandard can be relied on, it is not necessary to provide meansforadjustment when once their correct position has been found. In general,however, it is desirable to make the parts adjustable, since slightvariations in the quantity of the oil may necessitate adjustment. I

v In the modification shown in Figure 2, the

body. 19 of thelamp has a fixed central tube 20, the annularspacebetweenthe body 19 and the tubeQO forming the-reservoir for the liquidhydro-carbon, while the tube 20 serves to admit air to the wick 1 1. Theflow in Figure ,1, i. e. a sleeve 8 having holes 9 adapted to be movedinto and out of register with holes formed the tube '20, and the 1necessary movement being permitted by the pin 10, secured to the tube 20and extending into a slot 11 in the sleeve 8. The outer -tube12' isformed of glass and is outwardly flared. 22 is a spreader of known form,and

comprises a perforated cap-like member supported by a shoulder 20 on thetube 20.

The burners shown in Figures 1 and 2, while being very satisfactory asregards affording a suitable source of heat for considerable periodswithout attention, as a rule emit a noise similar'to that emitted by thewell known Primus lamp or a brazing lamp employing liquid hydrocarbon asits fuel In some cases, thenoise is notobjectionable, but can beobviated by modifying the lamp, as shown in Figure 3.

' In this modification, the inner tube 6" is in eifect, formed in twoportions 6a and 6b. The portion 6a is fixed while the portion 6?) isarranged to extend a considerable beyond the wick 14",the extendedportion being provided with perforations 23 to allow the passage of airtherethrough. The portion 66 of the inner tube 6 is fast with a centralrod 30, which passes through the fixed portion 6a and is screwthreadedat its lower end, to which end is secured an operating finger knob 31.The screwthreaded portion is in engagement with a nut 32 wherebywhen theknob 31 is rotated, the rod 30 and with it the portion 61), is movedaxially. If desired, the upper end of the tube 6 may be provided with aplate 24: having a number of performations 25, the central oneof whichis oflarger diameter than the remainder. 'In this modification also, anopen ended metal frusto-conical member 27 having perforations 28 isprovided and whichrests upon a flange or ridge 29 formed on the outertube 1.2., the upper end of the cone normally being approxri matelylevel with the top of the inner tube. In such a modified burner, whichhas been found to give good results, the inner tube is'about indiameter, and projects a considerablej distance, for example about 1%,42

above the wick,"the inner tube being provided with a number ofperforations to allow the passage of air therethrough.

The outer tube (when the burner is in operation) projects from to%;abovet ,the'wick, and the lower end of the cone is 1" in diameter andthe flange or ridge on the outer peripheryof the, outer tube is located,

say, A above the top of the container; the

upper end of the cone is about 1% infil diameter, the cone being of suchlength that its upper end is approximately level with the top of theinner tube.

hen it is desired to burn gas, oil or other liquid hydrocarbon having ahigh flash point, the inner tube 6 may be formed of metal, preferablyanon-scaling metal alloy,

in order that the transference of heat from the upper end of the innertube towards its lower end may assist in the vaporization of\ the liquidhydrocarbon, the outer tube being, as before, formed of a material whichis a poor conductor of heat, such as porcelain or glass.

In operation, in order to enable the burnerto be lighted, the wick israised and the portion 66 of theinner tube 6" lowered.

.as a stove, and is, moreover, capable of vAs the projecting perforatedportion of the burning for considerable periods without attention, owingto the fact that in opera tion the wick is some distance below the topof the inner and outer tube, in which position the top of the wick iscomparative ly cool; as a result a comparatively long period elapsesbefore the wick becomes charred to any serious extent. Aslightincrustation is slowly formed on the top of the outer tube, butthis does not materially affect the supply of oil for combustion andcan, moreover, be readily removed,,if desired. i

What I claim is 1. In a device of the class described, a container forcombustible liquid having a combined draft and wick tube with means foradmitting air to the lower portion of said tube for passage upwardlythere through, a wick surrounding and contacting the said tube, and anouter tube formed of a material that is an extremely poor conductor ofheat, surrounding and contacting the said wick whereby the wick can belocated below the top of the tube when the lamp is alight.

2. In a device of the class described, a container for combustibleliquid having a combined draft and wick tube with means for admittingair to the lower portion of said tube for passage upwardly therethrough,a wick surrounding and contacting the said tube, an outer tube formed ofa material that is an extremely poor conductor of heat, surrounding andcontacting the said wick whereby the wick can be located below the topof the tube when the lamp is alight, a perforated tube slidably mountedwithin the interior of the combined draft and wick tube to receive airtherethrough and pro jecting above the wick to form a continua tion ofthe combined draft and wick tube, and a perforated member surroundingand supported in spaced relation to the third mentioned tube to form acombustion chamber above the wick and between the perforated member andthird mentioned tube.

3. In a device of the class described, a container for combustibleliquid having hollow draft means for the passage of air upwardlytherethrough, a wick surrounding and contacting the said means, an outerhollow means formed of a material that is an extremely poor conductor ofheat surrounding and contacting the said wick whereby the wick can belocated below the top of the outer tube when the lamp is alight.

4. In a device of the class described, a combined draft and wick tubehaving means for admitting air for passage upwardly ductorof heat,whereby the wick can be located below the top of the outer tube when thelamp is alight.

5. In a device of the class described, a container for combustibleliquid having a combined draft and wick tube open at the lower portionfor admission and passage of air upwardlytherethrough, a wicksurrounding and contacting the said tube, an

outer tube formed of a material which is an extremely poor conductor ofheat surrounding and contacting the said wick whereby the wick canbelocated below the top of the tube when the lamp is alight, aperforatedtube to receiveair through the combined draft and wick tubeprojecting above the latter to form a continuation thereof, means formovingthe third mentioned tube axially with respect tothe combined drafta I and wick tube, and a perforated member surrounding and supportedinspaced relation to the third mentioned tube to form a combustion chamberabove the wick and between thg perforated member and third mentioned tue.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname this 18th day of July, 1928.

ARTHUR WHITTAKER RICHARDSON.

therethrough, a wick surrounding and contacting the said tube forcoaction with a supply of fuel, and an outer tube surrounding andcontacting the said wick formed of a material that is an extremely poorcon-

